Numerical investigation of the immersion ratio effects on ventilation phenomenon and also the performance of a surface piercing propeller     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

Surface Piercing Propellers (SPP) show high efficiency at high advance speeds. Regarding operational conditions, this kind of propellers generate an air layer when entering the water due to the rotation of the propeller; this phenomenon is called ventilation. The ventilation phenomenon divided into some mechanism with respect to air cavity length on the propeller surface; among them are partially ventilation mechanism and fully ventilation mechanism which has great importance. In this study, using numerical simulation, we have investigated ventilation patterns and also the performance of a five-blade SPP propeller (SPP 5.74) at immersion ratio of 33, 40, 50and 70% respectively. We used Sliding Mesh Technique for modeling. Also, we applied the volume of fluid method to simulate the open surface pattern. To validate numerical results, the four-blade propeller, 841-B was simulated, and then the results of thrust and torque coefficients compared with Olofsson experimental results and validated accordingly. The findings indicate that the maximum value for thrust and torque coefficient would occur at immersion ratio of 70% and the maximum propeller efficiency occurs at immersion ratio of 33% and advance coefficient of 1.1; Moreover, the critical advance coefficient (at the partially and the fully ventilation boundary) increases by a reduction in immersion ratio, so that critical advance coefficients are 0.6 and 0.76, respectively at immersion ratios of 70 and 33%. Meanwhile, as advance coefficient increases, length of ventilation zone will decrease, and consequently the propeller will be laid on partial ventilation zone.  相似文献   

北斗三号观测数据质量及定位精度初步评估     

程军龙  王旺  马立烨  刘万科 《测绘通报》2019,(8):1-7

开展BDS-3观测数据质量评估对于即将到来的BDS-3应用研究至关重要。本文从载噪比、伪距多路径及观测噪声3方面评估了BDS-3卫星的观测数据质量，在此基础上分析了其标准单点定位和短基线相对定位性能。初步评估结果表明：在载噪比方面，BDS-3卫星的B1I频点比BDS-2卫星高3~4 dB/Hz，B3I频点最高，其余频点大小相当；在多路径方面，BDS-3卫星伪距B2a、B2b和B3I与BDS-2的B3I大小相当，B1I和B1C与BDS-2的B1I、B2I大小相当，且BDS-3各频点的伪距多路径组合中不存在明显的与高度角相关的伪距偏差；在观测值噪声方面，BDS-3卫星与BDS-2卫星各频点大小基本相当。相比于仅使用BDS-2卫星，增加BDS-3卫星可以改善几何图形结构，一定程度上提高伪距单点定位和短基线相对定位的精度。  相似文献   

POISSON'S RATIO VARIATIONS OF CRUSTAL MEDIA BEFORE AND AFTER XINYUAN-HEJING M_S6.6 EARTHQUAKE IN 2012          下载免费PDF全文

TANG Ming-shuai  WANG Hai-tao  WEI Yun-yun  LI Yan-yong  GE Can  WANG Qiong  SU Jin-bo  WEI Bin 《地震地质》2019,41(5):1123-1135

We analyzed the variation characteristics of Poisson's ratio in crustal media from January 2009 to December 2012 at 11 fixed seismic stations(for station SCH, it is from January 2006 to December 2012)within an epicenter distance of 200km of the Xinyuan-Hejing M_S6.6 earthquake in Xinjiang on June 30, 2012 using the methods of P wave receiver functions, H-κ stacking of receiver functions, and time sliding window, and obtained the following conclusions: (1)The crustal media's Poisson ratio of five stations in an epicenter distance less than 130km showed a significant and long-lasting decline about 2~3 years before Xinyuan-Hejing M_S6.6 earthquake. Taking the crustal Poisson ratio mean value as reference, the decrease ranges between 0.003 and 0.014, the decrease in 4 stations are more than twice the mean error. The variations of the Poisson's ratio in crust are characterized by "V" shape or "double V" shape. Earthquakes occur at the end of the formation of "V" shape. After the occurrence of earthquakes, the Poisson's ratio continues to rise. The earliest initial fall appeared in July 2009 at WUS station which has the minimum epicentral distance(77km). The Poisson ratio of the crustal media of 6 stations with epicentral distance more than 150km fluctuated up and down around the mean value, and there is no significant decline or persistent low value. (2)We analyzed the arrival-time variations of the quasi-repetitive receiver functions Ps converted wave(t_Ps)of the 3 stations WUS, SCH and XNY and found that the travel times of Ps converted waves became smaller in the crust before the earthquake and increased after the earthquake. (3)Through the comprehensive analysis on the descending process, decline ranges, variations process, duration of Poisson' ratio, the Ps converted waves arrival time variations, the original time of earthquake, and the number of stations, it is inferred that the cause for Poisson's ratio anomalous variations is the change of physical properties of crustal media in the process of earthquake preparation and occurrence. Since the variation characteristics of crustal media may be related to the earthquake magnitude, the size of seismogenic area, the medium properties under stations, and the focal distance, whether the medium variation characteristics exist before and after Xinyuan-Hejing M_S6.6 earthquake will need more earthquake cases analyses. (4)The H-κ stacking of receiver functions is used to calculate the velocity ratio. Because P-wave velocity is given, this method can only be applied when the Ps converted wave velocity of Moho surface of receiver functions changes before an earthquake. With the application of receiver functions to the analysis of more earthquake cases, we can gain more insights into the variation of crustal medium parameters during the seismogenic process. This observation indicates that the receiver function method may become a new approach to detect the Poisson's ratio change of the crustal media before strong earthquake under the condition of high seismic network density.  相似文献   

不同Mascon模型解比较分析     

郭飞霄  孙中苗  任飞龙  肖云 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(10):1022-1026

简要介绍不同机构发布的Mascon模型解数据，并在全球和区域尺度上对Mascon模型解、球谐系数法以及GLDAS水文模型陆地水储量变化计算结果进行对比分析。结果表明，不同Mascon模型解具有较好的一致性；与球谐系数法反演结果相比，Mascon模型解能提高反演结果信噪比值，空间分辨率更高，保留更多有效信号，与GLDAS水文模型结果相关性更好；不同Mascon模型解中，JPL Mascon模型解信噪比值最大，与GLDAS水文模型时间序列相关性最好。  相似文献   

Experimental investigation of three-dimensional earth pressure according to aspect ratio of retaining wall     

Byung-Suk Park  Sang Duk Lee 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2018,36(2):181-189

The purpose of this study is to investigate the scale and load distribution of three-dimensional active earth pressure and the load transferred to the adjacent soil by changing the aspect ratio of a retaining wall through a series of model tests. In this research, 42 earth pressure plates of different heights and widths were installed to evaluate the earth pressures by considering the wall aspect ratio and the change of earth pressure. The test results showed that the active earth pressures were uniformly converged when the percentage of limit displacement against wall height was 0.12%. The distribution of active earth pressure on the wall showed a parabola shape for most aspect ratios while the wedge shape identified by the model test was similar to the shell-shaped model. In this paper, two diagrams were proposed regarding the active earth pressure according to the aspect ratio of a retaining wall; (1) a diagram of earth pressure conversion against the aspect ratio based on evaluated three-dimensional active earth pressures with traditional two-dimensional earth pressures, (2) a load transfer diagram based on the horizontal distance by analyzing the horizontal and vertical load transfer ranges with the relevant increasing rates.  相似文献   

基于信噪比检验的双参数岭型Kalman滤波及其在BDS星地联合定轨中的应用     

李豪  顾勇为  郭淑妹  张国超 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(11):1143-1148

将Kalman滤波病态性诊断与处理相结合，提出基于信噪比检验的双参数岭型Kalman滤波。在分析Kalman 滤波的病态性以及岭型 Kalman 滤波的缺陷后，引入信噪比统计量度量每个待估参数受病态性影响的大小，将待估参数区分为涉扰参数和非涉参数，并利用两个岭参数对两类参数进行不同强度的修正，结合广义岭估计思想给出两个岭参数的选取方法。该算法在降低状态参数估计方差的同时尽量减少岭型Kalman滤波引入的偏差。利用STK仿真5颗GEO卫星+24颗MEO卫星+3颗IGSO卫星的北斗卫星星座并进行分布式自主定轨，结果表明提出的新算法能够有效改善病态性对Kalman滤波的不良影响，且相对于岭型Kalman滤波具有更高的定轨精度。  相似文献   

波浪作用下刚性框架浮体及其锚绳运动数值模拟精度分析   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

桂福坤  左孝  潘昀  冯德军  张健 《海洋工程》2018,36(4):1-10

由小尺度刚性杆件构成的复杂结构近年来多用于海洋平台建设和海洋监测浮标制作以及海洋增养殖人工浮鱼礁的设计。采用有限单元法和集中质量点法建立波浪作用下刚性框架浮体及其锚绳运动数值模型,探讨空间单元划分、时间离散步长、数据保存格式对刚性框架浮体和柔性锚绳运动模拟精度的影响,分别给出此三者之间的匹配关系。研究结果表明:框架浮体的单元划分可依据是否出水给定,单元的划分比建议取0.05;锚绳的单元划分与其上端连接的浮体浮力有关,当锚绳的拉力主要由上端浮体浮力产生时锚绳单元的划分影响较小,当锚绳的拉力主要由波浪力产生时锚绳单元的划分比建议取0.02;空间单元划分与时间离散步长存在匹配关系,通过减小时间步长来追求数值模拟精度时必须同时考虑保存运动物理量截断误差的影响。  相似文献   

强噪声环境下基于信噪比的地震P波到时自动提取方法          下载免费PDF全文

付继华  王旭  李智涛  谭巧  王建军 《地球物理学报》2019,62(4):1405-1412

大数据量、强噪声环境给地震P波到时的自动提取带来很大挑战.针对此问题,本文通过构建特殊的特征函数,建立SNR与STA/LTA的内在联系,提出两种基于SNR的地震P波到时自动提取方法,即基于SNR的STA/LTA方法与基于SNR的综合方法.这两种方法分别是运用SNR概念对传统STA/LTA方法和STA/LTA与AIC综合方法的改进.仿真分析结果表明:对于弱噪声环境(10dB)和一般噪声环境(6dB),本文方法较传统STA/LTA方法对地震P波到时提取的准确度更高;而对于强噪声环境(3dB),本文方法仍能准确提取地震P波到时,而传统STA/LTA方法则出现了较大的误判率(10%)与漏判率(65%).本文方法为STA/LTA赋予了明确的物理意义,使其阈值的选取建立在严密的数学推导之上.另外,本文方法在进行地震P波到时自动提取的同时,兼具数据预处理功能,无需额外的基线校正或高通滤波,因而具有较好的实时性.  相似文献   

郯庐断裂带安徽段及“霍山窗”断层活动特征与地震关联性研究     

曹志磊  周琼  葛计划  孙军  隆爱军  龙剑锋  赵希磊 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(7):681-685

利用郯庐断裂带安徽段及“霍山窗”区域的跨断层水准测量资料，运用断层形变累积率及年滑动速率比方法计算各测线近20 a的观测数据，研究区域内断层活动及能量积累的整体空间演化特征，梳理各测点所跨断裂带的断层形变特征及变化过程，从空间分布和时间演化的角度探讨断层活动特征与安徽及邻近地区中强地震的关联性。结果显示：1）郯庐断裂带安徽段断层形变累积率总体高于“霍山窗”区域，震前存在高值聚集、区域分界、高密度低值梯度带等特征，显示震前的应力积累背景；2）安徽地区断层活动明显受郯庐断裂带整体活动的影响，区域性差异和阶段性变化显著；3）断层形变的年滑动速率比异常对地震活动的判断具有一定的指示作用，主要表现为震前2个月~1 a的高值异常及多个测点的群体性异常等特征，随着震级的增大，异常分布范围和变化幅度均有所增大。  相似文献   

多龄期钢框架时变损伤模型研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

郑山锁  张晓辉  黄威曾  赵旭冉  孙乐彬 《地震工程学报》2018,40(3):389-397

对3种不同厚度的钢材标准试件进行酸性大气环境气雾加速腐蚀试验,并对锈蚀后的试件进行单向拉伸试验,得到钢材力学性能随失重率的衰变规律。同时考虑构件截面削弱与材料力学性能降低,建立不同锈蚀程度下的钢框架有限元分析模型,利用非线性静力推覆分析得到锈蚀钢框架结构的整体初始刚度随锈蚀程度增大的退化规律,以表征结构因锈蚀造成的损伤。提出同时反映最大变形效应和累积耗能效应的双参数结构整体地震损伤模型,并在此损伤模型的基础上集合钢材材性试验结果及有限元分析结果,提出适用于锈蚀钢结构的"时变"损伤模型。对比分析以层间位移角及时变损伤模型为性能指标建立的不同龄期钢框架结构的地震易损性曲线,结果表明:随着锈蚀程度的增加,在相同地震动强度下结构超越某一极限状态的失效概率均增大。  相似文献